Compared to a normal individual, when a patient with a severe obstructive impairment such as emphysema increases ventilation, which of the following occurs?
a. Carbon dioxide production falls as anaer-obic metabolism increases.
b. Oxygen consumption increases at a faster rate than normal.
c. Oxygen consumption rises faster than carbon dioxide production.
d. The anaerobic threshold is reached later than normal.
ANS: B
In the presence of pulmonary disease (either obstructive or restrictive), the oxygen cost of breathing may increase dramatically with increasing ventilation (Figure 11-13). In an obstructive disease such as emphysema, increased ventilation causes the oxygen consumption of the respira-tory muscles to increase rapidly.
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