Describe the function of the Citizens Redistricting Commission.
What will be an ideal response?
Varies. Proposition 11, the Voters FIRST Act (in 2008), transferred the power to draw district maps for the Assembly and Senate (along with Board of Equalization maps and, through Prop 28, the U.S. House district maps) to a 14-member, independent citizens' commission--making California one of 13 states to relocate primary redistricting power outside the legislature.To be chosen once a decade through a multistage, public process, the politically balanced and demographically diverse commission is charged with drawing districts based on "strict, nonpartisan rules designed to ensure fair representation."The rules mandate equal population, adherence to the federal Voting Rights Act, contiguous (all parts touching) and compact districts that respect existing communities, and they also eliminate incumbency protection and partisan districting from consideration. They hold public hearings and their work is subject to extensive public review.
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Why have some politicians and civil rights leaders begun to focus attention on the concept of equality between groups rather than equality of individual opportunity?
a. because there are large disparities in wealth and advantage between groups that lead to social and economic disadvantages for most of the individuals within certain groups b. because there is far more power in group protest against discrimination and inequality than in individual actions c. because the courts are more willing to review accusations of discrimination when they are submitted by large groups of people than when they come from a single person d. because there are large disparities in political access between groups, and so people from those groups with access need to reach across the aisle and help people from the others
In the 2012 election, the state of __________ could not certify its election for days owing to polling glitches and the prolonged process of counting absentee and provisional ballots
Fill in the blank with the correct words.