Retained earnings are the same thing as “plowback.”

Relative to a perfectly competitive market, a monopoly results in

A) a gain in producer surplus equal to the gain in consumer surplus. B) a gain in producer surplus equal to the loss in consumer surplus. C) greater economic efficiency. D) a gain in producer surplus less than the loss in consumer surplus.

If a city has 3293 unemployed people and 73,177 in its labor force, then the city's unemployment rate equals

A) 45.0%. B) 4.5%. C) 4.3%. D) 0.45%.