A dichotomous variable whose cases have been coded “1” (exhibits attribute) and “0” (no attribute) is referred to as a(n):

Compared to other industrialized democratic countries, the degree of religiosity among Americans is __________

a. about the same b. somewhat higher than the average c. somewhat lower than the average d. unusually high e. unusually low

Which of the following has the largest potential to decrease the accuracy of an inference made to a population based on a sample?

a) variance b) a heterogeneous sample c) a homogeneous sample d) sampling error