Tyler, a U.S. citizen, received a quote on the dollar/yen relationship of ¥108.21/$1. Tyler most likely received a(n) ________ quote

In budgeting, variance is:

a. A measure of the degree of dispersion of a distribution about its mean value b. The difference between a realized value and a budgeted, or standard value c. The percentage decrease in volume that can occur without causing the organization to lose money d. The difference between operating profit and total profit e. The difference between total revenues and total costs

Ashley notices that Cheryl, one of her most trusted subordinates, has been performing below par. Cheryl typically does well on any task given to her and Ashley assumes the dip in performance is due to complacency

She doesn't consider the fact that Cheryl spends a significant amount of time at work training and supervising half a dozen new employees. Ashley's reaction is an example of the ________. A) expectancy theory B) esteem needs C) equity theory D) merit raise system E) fundamental attribution error