What does GDP measure to avoid double-counting?

For economists, discrimination is difficult to rationalize because:

a. it is costly to those who discriminate. b. the firms can actually reap greater profits by discriminating between their workers. c. in a freely functioning labor market, there is no such thing as discrimination. d. economists know that in the real world, personal prejudices do not exist. e. wages will not be allowed to fall below their natural equilibrium rate.

The fraction of an increase in income that is saved is referred to as the _____

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).