When Gustavo goes through lists of inventory items and thinks about whether each one is a fruit or not, he remembers more of the items on those lists later than when he goes through lists of inventory items and does not think about what each item is. Which of the following concepts best explains Gustavo’s performance?
A. Sensory memory, because he is activating information about his sensory experiences of fruit.
B. The spacing effect, because he is going through the list multiple times.
C. Elaborative encoding, because engaging in deeper processing improves memory.
D. Single-trial learning, because he goes through the lists only one time.
E. Flashbulb memories, because Gustavo has vivid memories of fruit and that helps him remember
Answer: C. Elaborative encoding, because engaging in deeper processing improves memory.
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