Which of these studies is an experimental study rather than a correlational one?
(a) the study in the three Canadian towns with a diminished number of sports
activities as the number of channels went from 0 to 1 to 4
(b) the study by McIntyre and Teevan that showed the correlation between
viewing and violence in 2300 adolescents to be about .20
(c) the study conducted in the U.S., Finland, and Poland that correlated self-
reports with aggression
(d) Robinson and Bachman's study with extreme groups that found a 50%
difference in the number of fights
(e) none of the above
C
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The "Mozart effect" refers to the now-discounted finding that cognitive ability is boosted by
a. hybrid vigor. b. nutritional supplements. c. Head Start programs. d. listening to classical music. e. studying a second language.
Which of the following statements best represents the evidence of the cephalocaudal principle in newborns?
A) The head represents one-fourth of a newborn's total length but only one-eighth of an adult's height. B) Exposure to PCBs in breast milk has been linked to a variety of neurological impairments. C) Toward the end of the first year of life, infants enjoy finger foods, such as cheese and sliced fruit. D) Babies who are breastfed are at a lower risk for a variety of infant diseases and illnesses.