What term is used to describe an interest group that appears to be grassroots, but whose activity is orchestrated or initiated centrally?

In the Parties at War era the main political parties __________

a. were supplanted by moderate third-party candidates b. became more ideological and combative c. became more unified in the war against terrorism d. became increasingly concerned about ending poverty in the United States

The President of Mexico

a. has seen a dramatic increase in power since 2000. b. cannot be an official in a church or religious organization. c. is still selected with the dedazo system. d. does not have a cabinet, just an attorney general.