Suppose the quantity of x is measured on the horizontal axis. If the income consumption curve is vertical, then the income elasticity of demand for x is

Everything else held constant, a decrease in government spending ________ aggregate ________

A) increases; demand B) decreases; demand C) decreases; supply D) increases; supply

Political instability is an obstacle to development in:

A. both market and socialist economies. B. neither market nor socialist economies. C. market economies. D. socialist economies.