Americans often hear the metaphor of a “wall of separation between church and state” when referring to the First Amendment’s right to freedom of religion. When was this metaphor first used?

a. in the 1960s, by the Supreme Court when it became increasingly liberal and turned on “the church”
b. in the second half of the twentieth century, when atheists began to influence Congress
c. during the Civil War, when religious groups demanded protection from government abuses
d. in 1802 by President Thomas Jefferson, based on his reaction to the influential role of Protestantism in public life
e. several thousand years ago, as a biblically based standard

ANS: D

Political Science

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Indicate whether the statement is true or false

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A primary objective for both insurgency and guerilla warfare is to

a. defeat the enemy on the field of battle. b. raise the costs of conflict higher than any benefit to the attacker. c. force the intervention of the UN to end the conflict. d. use high-tech weapons against the attacker.

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