Economic structuralists believe that the gap between rich and poor

When modern state governments have encountered the same dilemmas of collective action that prompted their 18th-century counterparts to send delegates to the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, they have solved the dilemmas by shifting responsibility from which of the following?

a. from the state to local authorities b. from the federal to state authorities c. from the state to federal authorities d. from the local to state authorities

______ discrimination is discrimination in fact.

a. De facto b. De solis c. Ad hoc d. De jure e. Ex post facto