Which of the following is TRUE of the activities of ticket scalpers?

A) These activities cannot generate profits for the scalpers unless ticket prices are currently below market clearing levels.
B) These activities help reduce the quantities of excess tickets supplied for events in which ticket surpluses currently exist.
C) Engaging in these activities enable scalpers to push the price above the market clearing level.
D) Engaging in these activities enable scalpers to push the price below the market clearing level.

A