You are about to make a speech. Your hands tremble, your posture tenses, and your voice has a slight quiver as you begin. These outward signs represent which component of emotion?

Research has demonstrated that effective trainers establish specific objectives, tailor the style of instructions to fit the learner, and:

A) use massed practice. B) have a solid understanding of how people learn. C) avoid active learning techniques. D) criticize trainees when they don't do well.

A student spends much time socializing with friends instead of studying for an important exam because he is afraid to find out whether he has what it takes to pass the exam. This student is engaging in what psychologists call

a. the consistency paradox. b. self-handicapping behavior. c. self-efficacy. d. fixation.