Validity takes place when the occurrence of X increases the probability of the occurrence of Y

The cost of purchasing a 30-second advertising spot during the Super Bowl is typically millions of dollars. From the advertiser's perspective, what is the most important benefit of placing an advertisement during the Super Bowl?

A) the ability to reach a mass audience B) the best media for introducing products C) the ability to make personal connections with consumers D) the likelihood that consumers will make an immediate purchase decision E) the persuasive nature of television commercials

From a population of 200 elements, a sample of 49 elements is selected. It is determined that the sample mean is 56 and the sample standard deviation is 14 . The standard error of the mean is

a. 3 b. 2 c. greater than 2 d. less than 2