Distinguish between turn-maintaining and turn-yielding cues. Discuss their importance in conversation

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word.

Answer: The defining feature of conversation is that the speaker and listener exchange roles throughout the interaction. You accomplish this through a wide variety of verbal and nonverbal cues that signal conversational turns. Turn-maintaining cues are designed to help you maintain the speaker’s role. You can do this with a variety of cues, such as audibly inhaling to show that you have more to say, continuing a gesture or gestures to show that you have not completed the thought, avoiding eye contact with the listener so there’s no indication that you’re passing the speaking turn to him or her, sustaining your intonation pattern to indicate that you intend to say more, or vocalizing pauses to prevent the listener from speaking. Turn-yielding cues, in contrast, tell the listener that you’re finished and wish to exchange the role of speaker for that of listener. These cues tell the listener (sometimes a specific listener) to take over the role of speaker. You can also indicate that you’ve finished speaking by dropping your intonation, by prolonged silence, by making direct eye contact ith a listener, by asking some general question, or by nodding in the direction of a particular listener. We expect a speaker to yield the role of speaker, and also expect the listener to assume the speaking role willingly. These cues help facilitate this process.