The advantage of APRV over VC-CMV or PC-CMV is which of the following?
a. It enhances CO2 elimination.
b. Volume delivery is consistent.
c. Independent lung regions are better venti-lated.
d. It reduces the risk of ventilator-induced lung injury.
ANS: D
APRV can reduce airway pressure in patients with ALI/ARDS; it therefore is also thought to reduce the risk of ventilator-induced lung injury. In APRV, the volume delivery varies, depend-ing on lung compliance, airway resistance, and the patient's spontaneous effort. APRV helps ventilate the dependent regions of the lungs, which are better perfused, improving the patient's ventilation/perfusion matching. CO2 elimination is not completely supported by APRV and relies more on the patient's spontaneous breathing.
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Which of the following describes a dry-pipe sprinkler system?
a. Air or nitrogen under pressure replaces water in sprinkler above valve, air escapes first when sprinkler activates b. All sprinklers open all the time, no water in piping before activation c. Contains water under pressure at all times, when initiated will immediately discharge water spray and activate alarm d. Dry system that employs deluge-type valve, fire detection devices, and closed sprinklers
When placing a caller on hold you should:
A. ask the caller if he or she can hold, and wait for the response. B. check every thirty seconds to see if the caller wants to continue to hold. C. ask if you may take a message. D. transfer the call as soon as possible. E. All of the above