According to the text, which of the following dimensions of the policymaking context deals with the practical side of policies?

How do some members of Congress justify the practice of earmarking federal funds?

a. Earmarks are evenly distributed across congressional districts. b. Earmarks are a legitimate way to give taxpayers a fair return on their taxes. c. Earmarks do not increase the federal budget deficit. d. Earmarks are dedicated to helping the poor and disabled.

Those with an appropriate-development perspective do not advocate

a. the use of the most modern and complex technology available. b. studying the culture of the local people. c. understanding the immediate physical environment. d. worrying about the long run when the immediate needs are pressing. e. any of the above.