Apple is an American company, but its iPhones are assembled in China. The sale of each iPhone then is counted in China’s GDP as:

The term "fixed input" refers to:

A) inputs to production that do not vary with respect to quality. B) inputs to production that do not vary in price. C) inputs to production that yield a constant or "fixed" marginal product. D) inputs to production, the quantity of which cannot be varied in the short run.

At a low wage rate,

a. there is no substitution effect b. there is no income effect c. the substitution effect usually outweighs the income effect d. the income effect usually outweighs the substitution effect e. the disutility of market work is usually high