Some medical practices may require the subscriber to pay a small fee at the time of service. This is called a(n) 

During infancy, reduced renal excretion causes longer drug ____________________ and increased possibility of ____________________ to drugs primarily excreted through the renal system

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

Traits that are carried on the sex chromosomes are called ________ traits.  

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).