Which of the following was a characteristic of what the authors call the Old System?

Which of the following is a consequence of the rise of partisanship in the House and Senate with respect to the presidency?

a. Presidents are less likely to use executive orders. b. Congress is more willing to criticize the president on military and foreign policies. c. Congress has removed the Senate trial requirement from the impeachment process. d. Presidents are far less likely to engage in military conflicts.

The text notes that each functional policy area tends to operate in isolation from the remainder of the government. What is the practical result of this approach? Additionally, identify and discuss the principal actors in iron triangles, what each contributes to the iron triangle, and the relationship that develops among the principal actors through the policymaking process. Provide a specific example of each contribution and discuss generally how the needs of each actor are fulfilled through the iron triangle.

What will be an ideal response?