In 1848, Phineas Gage, a foreman on a railroad construction crew, suffered a serious head injury when an accidental explosion fired a 13-pound metal rod through his left cheekbone and out the top of his cranium
The damage to Gage's left frontal lobe triggered __________
A) frequent seizures and episodic memory loss.
B) profound mental and physical retardation.
C) a permanent loss of his vision and hearing.
D) a permanent and profound change in his personality.
d
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Nicky tends to bite his nails when he becomes nervous because it calms him down. Nicky's behavior is an example of _______________
A) negative reinforcement B) generalization C) classical conditioning D) shaping
Controlled drinking (i.e., teaching alcoholics to drink in moderation) __________.
A. has been generally accepted as a useful treatment B. is incorporated in Brief Motivational Intervention C. works better than complete abstinence D. remains a topic of debate among professionals