A patient's chart indicates that his headache pain is described as "piercing" and "excruciating." The pain comes on abruptly, and the use of alcohol or lying down can bring on the pain. Which type of headache is described here?

Your teacher was discussing social loafing the other day but paused to note that the conclusion being drawn might be labeled ethnocentric. What will he add that will put the conclusion in a different light?

a) The research has been conducted solely in the United States. b) Social loafing does not tend to occur in collectivist countries such as China and Japan. c) Social loafing occurs less often in the United States because we are used to competing on sports teams. d) The research is not clear on the influence of cultural factors because there are so many other influences to consider.

Which of the following statements is true?

a. Punishment does not always work. b. The effectiveness of punishment depends solely on its force. c. Punishment should be applied intermittently. d. Punishment usually enhances the learning process.