What are direct payments by governments to individuals as part of a social welfare program (not as a result of any service or contribution rendered by the individual)?

According to Jervis, which of the following developments could potentially threaten the unity of the Community?

a. the fallout from the current war in Iraq b. the withdrawal of U.S. forces from Europe c. disagreements over how to fight the global war on terrorism d. a major trade dispute between the United States and the EU e. the increasing reluctance of the European countries to pay for defense

Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)

A key weakness of Marxism is its overly fluid and malleable understanding of the progress of history.