Indications for directed coughing include which of the following?

1. Enhance other airway clearance therapies.
2. Help patients with tuberculosis clear secretions.
3. Help prevent postoperative pulmonary complications.
4. Obtain sputum specimens for diagnostic analysis.
a. 1 and 3 only
b. 1, 2, and 3 only
c. 3 and 4 only
d. 1, 3, and 4 only

ANS: D
The AARC has published Clinical Practice Guideline: Directed Cough. See CPG 43-2.