Explain how Egypt, a kingdom that had retained its customs and artistic and religious traditions for 3,000 years, finally fell in 30 BCE

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1`.In the eighth century BCE, the Egyptians faced mounting pressure from Assyrian enemies to the east and turned to Kush for the leadership to resist invasion; the Egyptianized African rulers of Kush thus became the Twenty-fifth Dynasty of pharaohs, but they were expelled from Egypt by the Assyrians after a rule of close to 100 years.
2. The Assyrians left rule of Egypt to a family of local princes inaugurating the Twenty-sixth, or Saite, Dynasty (664–525 BCE). These princes emphasized Mediterranean trade, which in turn produced more than 100 years of economic prosperity.
3. In 525 BCE, however, the Persians invaded from the north, reducing the country to a mere province in the Persian Empire.
4. For the next 200 years, Egypt enjoyed brief periods of independence, until the Persians invaded again in 343 BCE. They had ruled for not much more than a decade when the Macedonian conqueror Alexander the Great drove them out and asserted his own authority. Egypt’s independence as a state had come to an end.
5. When Alexander died, the country fell to the rule of one of his generals, Ptolemy, and beginning in 304 BCE, the final Ptolemaic Dynasty was under way. A kingdom in the Greek constellation, Egypt would finally fall to an invading Roman army in 30 BCE.