Describe how you would use shaping to teach a non-verbal child to say "hungry."
What will be an ideal response?
Shaping is a procedure that begins by forming a list of responses (such as "he," "ha," "hu") that were progressively more similar to the target response (in this case, the word hungry). After an individual mastered the first sound, she would be reinforced only for attempts at the next sound on the list, and so on, until the desired sound or word was gradually shaped.
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Which purpose of prejudice is reflected when you use prejudice to maintain your self-esteem?
a) social b) rational c) emotional d) functional
The changes in the patterns of physical growth and development that are known as the secular trend are most likely caused by which of the following?
A) An increasingly sexualized society B) Increased levels of demand and stress placed upon children and adolescents C) Improvements in lifestyle and diet D) Cultural values that favor a thin, angular body image