In 2012, which of the following countries had negative net export spending in GDP?

If indicators like weak demand and falling commodity prices caused concern about deflation (falling prices), what could the Fed do to head off the deflationary threat?

a. increase the reserve requirements imposed on banks b. buy bonds in order to expand the money supply c. increase the discount rate d. increase the national debt

Janet bought flour and used it to bake bread she ate. ABC Bakery bought flour which it used to bake bread that customers purchased. In which case will the flour be counted as a final good?

a. Janet's purchase and ABC Bakery's purchase. b. ABC Bakery's purchase but not Janet's purchase. c. Janet's purchase but not ABC Bakery's purchase. d. Neither Janet's purchase nor ABC Bakery's purchase.