Economists argue that unhindered international trade leads to an efficient outcome. What is meant by "an efficient outcome" in this context?
A) an outcome in which wages are roughly equal around the world
B) an outcome in which the standard of living is roughly equal around the world
C) an outcome in which an individual can choose to specialize in a certain line of work and be certain that he or she can make a living at that until retirement
D) an outcome in which resources are devoted to their most efficient use
Answer: D
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In early 2007, Pioneer and JVC, two Japanese electronics firms, each announced that their profits were going to be lower than expected because they both had to cut prices for LCD and plasma television sets
Which of the following could explain why these firms did not simply raise their prices and increase their profits? A) The firms are still making profits, just not as high as expected so there is room to lower prices until one can force the other out of business. B) The move to cut prices is probably just a temporary one to gain market share. In the long run the firms will raise prices and be able to increase their profits. C) Most likely, intense competition between these two major producers probably pushed prices down. Thereafter, each feared that it would lose its customers to the other if it raised its prices. D) In perfect competition, prices are determined by the market and firms will keep lowering prices until there are no profits to be earned.
How does the United States compare to other advanced, industrialized economies on the issue of openness?
a. It is completely closed. b. It is one of the less open of them. c. It is about average in openness. d. It is one of the more open of them. e. It is the most open of them.