OLI theory is a direct contradiction of trade theory, especially trade theory based on comparative advantage

Which of the following leads to the tragedy of the commons?

A) The use of common pool resources above the socially optimal level B) The low level of satisfaction derived from the use of common pool resources C) The high rate of taxation on common pool resources D) The tendency of consumers to use common pool resources without paying for them

A tax of a specific absolute sum, say $100, levied on every person or every household is known as a(n)

a. excise tax b. sales tax c. external tax d. duty e. poll tax