The concept of trustworthiness applies to both the speaker and the __________

Cause-effect and problem-solution are two types of motivational

patterns used in speeches. Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Ann turns on talk radio as she drives to Florida for spring break. She is slightly surprised to hear the seemingly angry, aggressive advocates, but also thinks that it is kind of fun to listen to. Though amused, Ann concludes that such communication tends to do all of the following things EXCEPT ______.

a. teaching audiences something new b. violating agreed-upon tenets of free speech c. inoculating listeners against considering other opinions d. validating existing prejudices