Contrast active and passive insufficiency. Give examples of each using the same muscle
What will be an ideal response?
ANS: Active insufficiency occurs when a muscle is trying to shorten but generates inadequate tension to
perform its desired function. That is, when a muscle is actively insufficient, it is either fully
shortened or fully lengthened, and actively attempting to shorten further. Passive insufficiency
occurs when a passive muscle is being stretched over the joint(s) it crosses and reaches the limits
of its extensibility. When this occurs, the muscle prevents further movement. The biceps brachii is
passively insufficient when both the elbow and the shoulder are fully extended and further
extension is being attempted by some other force. The restriction in further movement is due to the
tension in the passive muscle.
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