Assume Qs represents the quantity supplied at a given price and Qd represents the quantity demanded at the same given price. Which of the following market conditions produce a downward movement of the price?

If penalties are imposed only on the buyers of illegal drugs, the equilibrium price of illegal drugs will ________ and the equilibrium quantity will ________

A) rise; increase B) rise; decrease C) fall; increase D) fall; decrease

Hooterville has seen its population grow by 200% over the past decade (10 years). Urban sprawl has occurred as city services have been extended to formerly rural areas. Mark's Manhole Cover Company, Inc has seen sales to the City of Hooterville triple during this period. This is most likely due to

a. increased manhole cover prices b. increased quantity supplied of manhole covers c. altered consumer expectations d. increased demand for manhole covers e. increased supply for manhole covers