According to the article Boll ldface Letters about children's attributions for their own behavior, a mastery orientation is likely to be found in people who also have:

How could the illusory-correlation effect produce a stereotype?

a. People use the prospect theory to predict the likelihood of the stereotype. b. People use the representativeness heuristic to determine whether a particular stereotype seems likely for a particular group of people. c. People pay too much attention to a group of people who have a particular combination of characteristics, and they ignore the other three possible combinations of characteristics. d. People overemphasize the estimate provided by anchor, and they pay too little attention to bottom-up processing.

In his dream, Andy running through a dark tunnel looking for something he has lost. Which theory would be most receptive to an explanation that,

while Andy was sleeping, neurons in his pons that stimulate leg-muscle movement were active? a. Psychoanalytic b. Problem-focused c. Cognitive d. Activation-synthesis theory