What kinds of data are most likely to be affected by the "reactive effect?"

Recent legislation allows a local government to call off an election if __________

a. no one is running for the office b. there are no voters in the precinct c. there are no candidates for some positions d. no offices are contested

Which of the following is true regarding the death penalty in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries?

a. Anti-death penalty reformers refrained from using moral arguments. b. By 1880, executions were banned in a majority of the states. c. Reformers found tremendous political success by advocating limits to the death penalty rather than banning it. d. For each of their arguments, death penalty reformers suggested general, big-ticket changes.