Calhoun's studies with rats imply that high density causes pathological behaviors. Evans et al.'s demographic study showed
a. that overcrowding causes psychological symptoms in humans.
b. that overcrowding does not cause psychological symptoms in humans.
c. there is a correlation between density and psychological symptoms.
d. there is no correlation between density and psychological symptoms.
C
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The principle of equifinality, or the concept of multiple pathways, means that
a. many risk factors might be involved in a disorder's etiology. b. disorders must always be explained in terms of many different risk factors. c. a diathesis must always be combined with some form of stress. d. the same risk factors can produce many different disorders.
Which of these aspects of our personality is most susceptible to change?
a. warmth b. assertiveness c. self-esteem d. impulsiveness