In a study of how memory processes unfold over time, as described in the textbook, a team of researchers asked participants to retrieve autobiographical memories while undergoing fMRI scans. Researchers found that

a. the same brain areas that are most active during encoding are most active during retrieval.
b. as elaboration takes place, areas responsible for encoding become more and more active than those for retrieval.
c. early in the process, before participants elaborated their memories, structures like the hippocampus were active.
d. psychological models of encoding and retrieval apparently are unrelated to processes in the brain.

Answer: c. early in the process, before participants elaborated their memories, structures like the hippocampus were active.

Psychology

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The process of learning whereby a rat learns to press a lever was termed by Skinner

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