The emperor __________ revived the Classical tradition in his Palace at Aachen (figs. 17.18 and 17.19)

The eagle was a popular barbarian motif during the Middle Ages, representing _______to pagans and later, was an emblem of _______to Christians.

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

Which of the following statements is true?

a. Only professional musicians play music in African societies. b. Everyone participates in making music in traditional African cultures. c. Only elders are allowed to perform music in African societies. d. Women are not allowed to participate in making music in African cultures.