Which of the following is defined as the resistance that a ventricle must overcome to eject blood?
a. Stroke work
b. Stroke index
c. Ventricular preload
d. Ventricular after-load
ANS: D
Afterload represents the resistance the ventricles must overcome to eject blood. Stroke work is defined as the force that a ventricle must produce to move a volume of blood. Stroke index refers to stroke work indexed to the BSA of the patient. Preload is defined as the filling pressure of the ventricles at the end of ventricular diastole.
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