How is shaping used to establish a complex behavior?
What will be an ideal response?
During shaping, an organism's behavior is reinforced over a series of attempts as it gradually approaches a desired response. Initially, reinforcement is provided for either (a) a simple form of the response or (b) the final step in a sequence of behaviors. Over time, reinforcement is only provided for more specific (or complete sequences) of behaviors. For example, a dolphin is trained to leap out of the water and touch a target by first receiving a reward for touching a target that is on the surface of the water. As the target is gradually lifted, the dolphin eventually learns to jump out of the water and touch the target.
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According to __________, preschoolers discover many word meanings by observing how words are used in the structure of sentences
A) fast-mapping B) semantic bootstrapping C) mutual exclusivity D) syntactic bootstrapping
According to Miller and Dollard, early feeding experiences
a. are linked to adult needs for power. b. form a person's attitudes toward cleanliness, conformity, and bodily functions. c. lead to the learning of gender roles. d. help form a person's basic active or passive orientation toward the world.