The majority of children in the United States live in two-parent families

In one study, students were given two problems to solve. The first problem involved radiation and a tumor, the second involved a general and a fortress. Students rarely saw that the solution to the second problem could be used to solve the first problem because the two problems seemed too different. Being distracted by the superficial features of a problem is the obstacle to problem solving known as ________________.

a. salience of surface similarities b. mental sets c. functional fixedness d. searching for analogies

When a happy person makes and holds an angry look, he or she will probably notice

a. that "making faces" can affect the autonomic nervous system. b. nothing, although he or she will feel the changes in his or her facial muscles. c. little change in emotion, unless there is a placebo effect. d. that emotion is physiological and is not affected in any way by facial expressions.