Which of the following best represents negotiation costs?
A) Dinesh has to spend time and effort to make sure that the chemical factory is living up to the agreed upon bargain that it will reduce the pollution it is releasing into the local river by 50 percent.
B) Laila needs to come up with enough cash to pay the owners of the paper manufacturing plant, its attorneys, accountants, and negotiators so that a bargain can be reached with the paper manufacturer to reduce air pollution.
C) Esperanza has to spend time and effort locating and organizing all the other people who have been adversely affected by the strong odors emanating from the local slaughterhouse in order to initiate the bargaining process.
D) Rafael has to spend time determining whether the fertilizer manufacturer, the lead smelter, or the oil refinery is the cause of pollution seeping into the groundwater in his local community.
B
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The number of substitutes available has hurt the business of the United States Postal Service.
a. true b. false
The Fed conducts an open market purchase of $10 million in government securities. If the reserve ratio is 20%, what is the maximum change in the money supply? Assume banks hold no excess reserves and there is no currency withdrawal from the banking system.
A) maximum increase in money supply = $10 million B) maximum decrease in money supply = $10 million C) maximum increase in money supply = $50 million D) maximum decrease in money supply = $50 million