As she prepares to speak to a group of fellow physical therapists, Dr. Kris recalls how many of her own coworkers believe they are making a difference in their patients' lives. She decides to work this aspect into her speech's conclusion to rally her listeners. This tactic focuses on which type of audience information?

Recent communication research on gender illustrates that in groups containing both females and males

A) females participate in more of the decision-making than males. B) females interrupt males more frequently than males interrupt females. C) females tend to speak for longer periods of time. D) males take more turns at speaking. E) there are no communication differences between males and females.

The Ashanti tribe in Africa has a proverb that says, "The poor man and the rich man do not play together." This proverb not only influences the ways tribal members see the world but also reflects the attitudes and behaviors of the tribe's people. This example illustrates what concept?

A. Sapir-Whorf hypothesis B. Complexity of language C. Ladder of abstraction D. Ambiguity of language