Which of the following statements best describes the function of proportional assist ventilation on the Covidien PB 840?
a. The percentage of the work done by the patient is adjusted by the ventilator moni-toring the work of breathing.
b. The percentage of the work done by the ventilator is automatically reduced as the compliance and resistance is improving.
c. The operator sets a percentage of the work of breathing that is done by the ventilator; the remainder of the work of breathing is done by the patient.
d. The ventilator adjusts the amount of work done by the ventilator based on continu-ous monitoring of the partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide and the oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximeter.
ANS: C
The proportional assist breath targets a pressure based on a selected percentage of support set by the operator and the flow and volume reading from the patient.
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Tidal volume is defined as the:
A) volume of air inhaled or exhaled per breath. B) volume of air that remains in the upper airway. C) total volume of air that the lungs are capable of holding. D) volume of air moved in and out of the lungs each minute.
You have been called for a 13-year-old boy who was caught sniffing glue by his parents. The boy is lethargic and confused and complaining of burning to the mouth and nose as well as nausea and vomiting. Based on the clinical presentation and mechanism of illness, how has this poison affected the boy's brain?
A) Absorbing through the small intestine into the blood stream and then on to the brain B) Directly contacting the brain by crossing the mucous membranes of the mouth and nose C) Fumes from the glue were absorbed through the mucous membranes of the eyes and then on to the brain D) Crossing from the lungs into the blood stream and then circulating to the brain