Bonds sold by the U.S. government that offer a certain real interest rate are known as

On average in the United States, gift-giving during the Christmas holiday:

A. wastes about $20 billion. B. wastes about $100 billion. C. wastes about $40 billion. D. wastes about $50 billion.

If the firm learns that the complicated technology can be made more stable with a few tweaks increasing the cost by 5.5million and increasing the probability of a launch to 50%. Is it worth for the firm to invest the $500,000 in tweaks?

a. No, because it decreases the total expected value b. Yes, because it increases expected value c. No, because it increases risk d. Yes, because tweaking is good