One proposed explanation for why congressional seats have become less marginal is that
A. the growing strength of the party system makes it less likely for challengers to appeal to average voters.
B. incumbents can use their powers to get programs passed that benefit their districts and thereby themselves.
C. incumbents are less likely than challengers to become associated with the "mess" in Washington.
D. changing demographics have made an increasing number of districts overwhelmingly Democratic or Republican.
E. incumbents are less ideological than challengers and link themselves with Congress as an institution.
Answer: B
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________ is based on judgment about the past performance of an elected official or political party.
A. Prospective voting B. Retrospective voting C. Straight-ticket voting D. Split-ticket voting E. None of these answers is correct.
Which of the following statements provides the most accurate description of the impact of the Fourteenth Amendment?
A. The Fourteenth Amendment forced states to abide by most provisions of the Bill of Rights, but the process was gradual, taking over one hundred years. B. The Fourteenth Amendment forced states to abide by all provisions of the Bill of Rights. C. The Fourteenth Amendment forced the national government to abide by most provisions of the Bill of Rights, but the process was gradual, taking over one hundred years. D. The Fourteenth Amendment forced individuals and corporate entities to abide by all provisions of the Bill of Rights.