Studies where researchers have attempted to teach language to non-human animals have generally found that:
a. chimpanzees and gorillas are the only animal species that can fully learn language.
b. some animals are capable of learning elements of human language, but they have not convincingly demonstrated human-like language use.
c. animals are incapable of learning even the most basic elements of human language.
d. dolphins are the only animal species that can fully learn language.
Answer: B
Rationale: One argument is that apes communicate only with symbols, not with syntax as humans do.
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For Mischel, the results for cross-situational consistency suggested that
a. personality traits are not useful in predicting behavior. b. reinforcement plays a small, if any, role in personality development. c. people's personalities are determined by innate factors. d. people's personalities are determined by the nature of the situation. e. personality traits are the mostreliable predictors of behavior.
According to the forgiveness model of Gordon and colleagues, when someone is in the stage of feeling negative emotions involving hurt, fear, and anger, which stage of forgiveness are they in?
A. the impact stage B. the recovery stage C. the meaning stage D. the transition stage