Suppose the U.S. government encouraged new medical school graduates to take over existing practices from doctors wishing to retire by paying both the new and retiring doctors $100,000. These doctors would be exemplifying the economic idea that
A) people are rational.
B) people respond to economic incentives.
C) optimal decisions are made at the margin.
D) equity is more important than efficiency.
Answer: B
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One reason that firms hire labor at the point where w = MPN is
A) if w < MPN, the cost (w) of hiring additional workers exceeds the benefits (MPN) of hiring them, so they should hire fewer workers. B) if w > MPN, the cost (w) of hiring additional workers is less than the benefits (MPN) of hiring them, so they should hire more workers. C) if w < MPN, the cost (w) of hiring additional workers equals the benefits (MPN) of hiring them, so they have the right number of workers. D) if w > MPN, the cost (w) of hiring additional workers exceeds the benefits (MPN) of hiring them, so they should hire fewer workers.
What characteristic is common to perfect competition, monopolistic competition, and monopoly?
a. free entry and exit b. zero economic profit in the long run c. firms treat the market price as given d. firms maximize profits by producing where MR = MC e. small number of buyers relative to the number of sellers