What institutional feature helps prevent the rise of minor parties?

Why have American National Election Studies (ANES) researchers conducted surveys before and after every mid-term and presidential election since 1952?

a. to compile long-term studies of the electorate b. to increase voter participation c. to safeguard elections from manipulation by political consultants d. to clarify options for undecided voters

Selecting government employees based solely on their political support is characteristic of ________

A. bureaucratic systems B. merit systems C. patronage systems D. affirmative action systems