Primary reinforcers are best described as formerly neutral stimuli that have become reinforcers because they have been associated with conditioned reinforcers

Heather's father died last week with Heather and many other family members with him as he died. Heather has been talking a lot about those last hours, how he met individually with each family member to express his love and gratitude and how, once he had met with everyone, he soon lapsed into unconsciousness. Muller and Thompson (2003) would say that this reflects the ____ theme of the experience

of grief. a. coping b. affect c. narrative d. relationship

Your text uses _____ to mean the state of being male or female

a. sex c. gender identity b. gender d. sexual orientation